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After two doses, Pfizer’s the vaccine was only 28 percent effective in preventing symptomatic infection For children aged 6 months to 4 years. Pfizer suggested the vaccine was 80 percent effective after the third dose, but the finding was based on only 10 cases out of a subset of 1,678 trial participants. The trial protocol stated that assessments of vaccine efficacy were based on at least twice as many cases; The small number of cases on which the efficacy finding was based was the subject of confusion among committee members and regulators Wednesday.

A senior federal vaccine regulator, Dr. Doran Fink described Pfizer’s activity data as preliminary. “We think it’s imprecise and potentially unstable,” he said. “Exactly what the efficacy of the vaccine is after the third dose needs more data.”

Moderna has found its place vaccine will be 51 percent effective in preventing symptomatic infection The FDA says it’s 37 percent effective in children 6 months to 2 years old and children 2 to 5 years old. Yet immunization continues to provide strong protection against serious diseases that lead to hospitalization and death.

Regulators and company officials spent part of the day discussing the side effects of vaccines. In clinical trials, the vast majority were mild and tolerated by children: irritability and crying, drowsiness, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Fewer trial participants survived the fever, but these were consistent with the effects of other pediatric vaccines.

In younger age groups, fevers may be more debilitating and require more immediate medical attention; this dynamic puts significant pressure on manufacturers to accurately calibrate the dosage. Pfizer chose a dose that was only one-tenth the strength of the adult dose delivered in three shots; the first two are applied three weeks apart, the third comes at least eight weeks after the second. Moderna used a quarter of the strength of the adult dose administered in two shots four weeks apart.

Some tough questions remain. More importantly, no vaccine has been tested against subvariants circulating in the United States. Clinical trials were largely conducted when the Omicron variant prevailed. Two subvariables, BA.4 and BA.5, can become dominant within a month.

The need to protect these children The FDA’s top vaccine regulator, Dr. “Getting rid of Covid is great,” said Peter Marks at the meeting. He added that hundreds of children have died from Covid, the rate being “pretty appalling” with child deaths during a major flu wave in 2009 and 2010.