HMO’s Architect, Dr. Paul M. Ellwood Jr. Died at 95

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Giving up his medical career in the early 1970s, Dr. He moved to Ellwood, Wyoming, entered the real estate business and founded the Jackson Hole Group. Talk about new health care strategies.

The group has produced many reports, but most notably it was used by Bill Clinton in his 1992 presidential campaign when he promised to reform a healthcare system with runaway costs and millions without insurance. After the election of Mr. Clinton, Dr. Ellwood, economist Alain C. Enthoven, and others devised the blueprint for the administration’s “managed competition” health reform proposal.

It would divide businesses and individuals into cooperatives to purchase insurance from partnerships of doctors, hospitals, and insurers competing for jobs, and would cover nearly all uninsured Americans. The plan, led by Hillary Clinton, failed in 1994, but by then Dr. Ellwood and his colleagues distanced themselves from the plan because of conflicts over the levels of regulation the plan would impose.

Living in Bellingham, north of Seattle, Dr. Ellwood retired as president of the Jackson Hole Group in 2002. He and his first wife, Elizabeth Ann (Schwenk) Ellwood, had three children, Deborah, Cynthia, and David. They divorced in 1990 and Elizabeth Ann later died. He married Barbara Winch in 2000. Dr. In addition to his wife, Ellwood is survived by his three children and five grandchildren.

In later years, he advocated what he called “outcomes management,” a national database of how patients’ treatment actually worked. Without such measures, he argued, there is no way for health care providers and policy makers to know whether care is being compromised to reduce costs and to evaluate proposals for reform.

Dr. Ellwood generally favored President Barack Obama’s Affordable Care Act, although he was concerned that, in his own words, HMOs contained some of their “deadly weaknesses.” 2010 interview He said with Anthony R. Kovner and that its implementation would face “challenging obstacles – too many options and gaps, and a much more insightful and aggressive medical-industrial complex.”

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