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The Webb telescope’s primary mirror has a diameter of 6.5 meters, compared to 2.4 meters compared to Hubble’s, giving Webb the ability to collect about seven times more light and therefore the ability to see further.
Another important difference is that the Webb is equipped with cameras and other tools that are sensitive to infrared or “heat” radiation. The expansion of the universe causes light that would normally be in visible wavelengths to shift to longer infrared wavelengths that are not normally visible to the human eye.
The Hubble telescope, on the other hand, is in low Earth orbit, where astronauts can visit and repair things that break down or wear out, or mount new, more powerful instruments on it. These changes have extended its life beyond the original estimates.
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